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Journal of Heredity Advance Access originally published online on September 15, 2008
Journal of Heredity 2009 100(2):256-262; doi:10.1093/jhered/esn072
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© The American Genetic Association. 2008. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Brief Communications

Development of EST-SSR Markers for the Study of Population Structure in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Ivan Simko

From the USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, 1636 East Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905

Address correspondence to Ivan Simko at the address above, or e-mail: Ivan.Simko{at}ars.usda.gov.

A set of 61 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was developed from the 19 523 Lactuca sativa and Lactuca serriola unigenes. Approximately 4.5% of the unigenes contained a perfect SSR at least 20 bp long, corresponding to roughly 1 perfect SSR per 14.7 kb. Marker polymorphism was tested on a set comprising 96 accessions representing all major horticultural types and 3 wild species (L. serriola, Lactuca saligna, and Lactuca virosa). Both the average marker heterozygosity (UHe = 0.32) and the number of different alleles per locus (Na = 3.56) were significantly reduced in expressed sequence tag (EST)-SSRs as compared with anonymous SSRs (UHe = 0.59, Na = 5.53). Marker transfer rate to the wild species corresponded to the decreasing sexual compatibility with L. sativa and was higher for EST-SSRs (100% L. serriola, 87% L. saligna, and 75% L. virosa) than for anonymous SSRs (93%, 66%, and 42%, respectively). Assessment of population structure among 90 L. sativa cultivars with SSRs was in good agreement with classification into the horticultural types. The average marker heterozygosity was smallest in iceberg (0.097), Latin (0.140), and romaine-type (0.151) cultivars while highest in leaf (green leaf 0.208 and red leaf 0.240) lettuces. The level of marker heterozygosity is in accord with morphological variability observed in different horticultural types.

Key Words: database • EST • in silico • Lactuca • microsatellites • population structure

Corresponding Editor: John Burke

Received March 25, 2008
Accepted August 11, 2008


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