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Journal of Heredity Advance Access originally published online on July 22, 2009
Journal of Heredity 2009 100(5):571-581; doi:10.1093/jhered/esp057
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© The American Genetic Association. 2009. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Genome Evolution Collection

THE WILHELMINE E. KEY INVITED REVIEW

Ploidy and the Causes of Genomic Evolution

Aleeza C. Gerstein, and Sarah P. Otto

From the Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada (Gerstein and Otto)

Address correspondence to Aleeza C. Gerstein at the address above, e-mail: gerstein{at}zoology.ubc.ca.

Genomes vary dramatically in size and in content. This variation is driven in part by numerous polyploidization events that have happened over the course of eukaryotic evolution. Experimental evolution studies, primarily using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, provide insights into the immediate fitness effects of ploidy mutations, the ability of organisms of different ploidy levels to mask deleterious mutations, the impact of ploidy on rates of adaptation, and the relative roles of selection versus drift in shaping ploidy evolution. We review these experimental evolution studies and present new data on differences in maximal growth rate for cells of different ploidy levels.

Key Words: Saccharomyces cerevisiae • experimental evolution • ploidy • mutation • rate of adaptation • selection • drift • growth rate

Corresponding Editor: Michael Lynch

Received May 22, 2009
Accepted June 16, 2009


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