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The Journal of Heredity 1982:73(1):35-42
© 1982 The American Genetic Association 73:35-42

research-article

Drosophila melanogaster populations selected for resistance to NaCl and CuSO4 in both allopatry and sympatry

Bruce Wallace

Division of Biological Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853

Abstract

Laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster have been kept for extended periods (2 years in early (now terminated) experiments; 30 months in the current ones) on media containing either NaCl or CuSO4; the concentrations of these salts are raised periodically as resistance to them develops within the populations. Samples of flies are removed at intervals from one-salt populations and are used as founder flies for "two-salt" populations that are maintained on both NaCl- and CuSO4-containing medium (separate food cups, not mixed) at the same concentrations as the one-salt populations. Egg samples removed from population food cups produce flies whose progeny are tested for survival on both NaCl- and CuSO4-contaning medium. These tests reveal that flies from one-salt populations develop resistance to the salt to which they are exposed; cross-resistance has not been detected. Egg samples from two-salt populations are taken separately from the two types of poisoned food. The progeny of flies that develop from either type of food, especially in the first test of each two-salt population, appear to be more resistant to that salt than are the progeny of flies from the other sort. The explanation appears to lie in se lective mortality occurring during the sampling procedure, rather than in a subdivision of the two-salt populations in sympatry. Allozymes at the acid phosphatase locus (acph-1) have been used to label the NaCl (F/F) and CuSO4, (S/S) populations. In the two-salt populations in which the founder flies were not previously exposed to either salt, the fast allele tends to displace the slow one. In the two-salt populations whose founders were exposed to previous selection in one-salt populations, the slow allele fares noticeably better.


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