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The Journal of Heredity 1984:75(2):86-92
© 1984 The American Genetic Association 75:86-92

research-article

Ethyl methanesulfonate-induced chloroplast mutagenesis in crops

Induction and ultrastructure of mutants

Paul D. Miller, Kevin C. Vaughn, and Kenneth G. Wilson

Department of Biochemistry, Rice University P.O. Box 1892, Houston, Texas 77251
Southern Weed Science Laboratory USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 225, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776
Department of Botany, Miami University Oxford, Ohio 45056

Please address reprint requests to Dr. Miller

Abstract

Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) was used to induce "chlorophyl chimeras" in a number of crop species (peas, carrots, soybeans, lentlls, and radishes). One percent EMS was optimal for mutation treatment in all species tested. In an ultrastructural study of the carrot "mutants" with sorting-out variegation several photobleaching "mutants" with enlarged magnograna and photostable "mutants" with reduced grana stacking were observed, similar to plastome mutants observed in other species. A unique "mutant" with normal grana stacks but no stroma Iamellae was obtained. None of the carrot "mutants" was transmitted to the M2 generation because of embryonic lethality of the "mutant" tissue. Photobleaching mutants outnumbered photostable mutants 2:1. In the pea chimeras some mutants were transmitted to the M2; a virescent mutant with a slower development of internal membranes and a mottled mutant with extremely underdeveloped plastids were noted. These data suggest that EMS will be a useful mutagen in many species where chlorophyll mutations are required for physiological or genetic work.


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