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The Journal of Heredity 1985:76(3):147-154
© 1985 The American Genetic Association 76:147-154

research-article

Linkage of the major histocompatibility (B) complex and the nucleolar organizer in the chicken

Assignment to a microchromosome

Stephen E. Bloom, and Larry D. Bacon

The authors are affiliated, respectively, with the Department of Poultry and Avian Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Regional Poultry Research Laboratory, East Lansing, MI 48823. This research was founded by grants from the USDA (Hatch 157433), the Cornell Biotechnology Program, and the NIH AM 20028. The authors are grateful to Dr. R. K. Cole for providing some of the chickens for this study, and to Peter Shalit, Andy Kligerman, Erica Polakoff for technical assistance. They thank Diane Colf for editorial assistance. Please address reprint requests to Dr. Bloom.

Abstract

The linkage relationship and chromosomal locations of the major histocompatibility (B) complex and nucleolar organizers (18S + 28S ribosomal RNA genes) were studied in normal and aneuploid chickens. The B alloantigens were defined by hemaggiutination, using monospecific alloantisera. A chicken haivng three B haplotypes was detected and used in test matings to normal disomic chickens. Additional cases of birds having three different haplotypes were generated in the progeny of such matings. Analysis of the segregation patterns of B haplotypes suggested that the chickens with an additional haplotype were trisomics. Chickens having three B haplotypes also displayed a maximum of three nucleoll in somatic cells instead of the normal two nucleoli of diplolds. This indicated the presence of an additional nucleolus organizing region (NOR). Cytogenetic and cytochemical studies were performed on cells of normal and putative trisomic chickens. All chickens displayed a normal array of chromosomes for pairs 1 through 9. Silver staining differentiated Ag-NORs on the long arms of two and three microchromosomes in disomic and trisomic types, respectively. Viable tetrasomic chickens, produced from inter sematings of trisomics, displayed four nucleoli and four Ag-NORs in somatic cell preparations. These results indicate that the DNA sequences encoding the B histocompatibility antigens and the 18S + 28S ribosomal RNAs are linked on an acrocentric microchromosome in the domestic chicken.


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