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The Journal of Heredity 1988:79(3):190-199
© 1988 The American Genetic Association 79:190-199

research-article

Cytogenetics of the Hessian Fly: II. Inheritance and Behavior of Somatic and Germ-Line-Limited Chromosomes

J. J. Stuart, and J. H. Hatchett

Department of Entomology, Kansas State University Manhattan
Agricultural Research Service USDA

Address reprint requests to Dr. Hatchett, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.

Abstract

Chromosome number and morphology in the germ line of the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor(Say), were examined with orcein- and silver-staining and C-banding techniques. Spermatogenesis and oogenesis through early prophase I also were examined. The germ-line genome consisted of a set of S (somatic) chromosomes and a group of E (eliminated) chromosomes, as defined by their morphology and cellular distribution. The S chromosomes in both male and female germ lines had a distinctive, negatively heteropycnotic centromere in the median position, stained intensely with orcein, and were entirely C-positive except for their centromeres. Four S chromosomes were consistently found in spermatogonial cells and secondary spermatocytes. Eight S chromosomes were found consistently in oogonial cells. These observations and the results of mating experiments indicated that the germ-line S chromosomes correspond to the somatic genome (n=4). S chromosome morphology, which was distinctly different between germ-line and somatic cells, Indicated that only the matermally derived S genome is physically modified in the male germ line, whereas both parental S genomes are modified in the female germ line. E chromosomes, which were variable in morphology and number, were restricted to the germ line and did not correspond to any part of the somatic genome. Spermatogenesis was atypical in that all E chromosomes were eliminated at meiosis I, and only the maternally derived haploid set of S chromosomes was transmitted in the sperm. Ova probably contributed a haploid set of S chromosomes and a complete set of E chromosomes to each zygote.


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