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The Journal of Heredity 1996:87(1):21-26
© 1996 The American Genetic Association 87:21-26

research-article

Tandem Repeats and Heteroplasmy in the Mitochondrial DNA Control Region of the Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

N. I. Mundy, C. S. Winchell, and D. S. Woodruff

From the Department of Biology and Center for Molecular Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116
the Natural Resources Office, Naval Air Station, North Island, San Diego California

Corresponding Editor: Stephen J. O'Brien

Abstract

We report the presence of a 128 bp tandem repeat in the mitochondrial control region of the loggerhead shrike (Ayes: Lanius ludovicianus). All individuals examined had either two or three copies of the repeat or were heteroplasmic for two and three copies. This is the first direct demonstration of a tandem repeat associated with heteroplasmy in the control region of a bird. A novel model for repeat duplication, which involves an inverted repeat located adjacent to the tandemly repeated sequence, is presented. Individuals with three repeats are absent from the endangered population of San Clemente loggerhead shrike in southern California, suggesting that the island endemic has a small effective population size and that there is insignificant gene flow from the adjacent mainland.


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