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The Journal of Heredity 2001:92(5)
© 2001 The American Genetic Association 92:375-381

Drosophila mediopunctata P Elements: A New Example of Horizontal Transfer

E. L. da S. Loreto, V. L. da S. Valente, A. Zaha, J. C. Silva, and M. G. Kidwell

From the Departmento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil (Loreto), Departmento de Genética (Valente) and Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotechnologia (Zaha), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (Silva), and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (Kidwell).

address correspondence to Margaret G. Kidwell at the address above or e-mail: kidwell{at}azstarnet.com.

Sequences homologous to the P element of Drosophila melanogaster were previously identified in Drosophila mediopunctata, a member of the tripunctata group, subgenus Drosophila. We report here that the P element is present in about three to five copies in the D. mediopunctata genome. While one of the insertion sites appears to be fixed, others may be polymorphic, indicating relatively recent P element activity. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the D. mediopunctata element belongs to the canonical subfamily of P elements and that divergence of the D. mediopunctata element from other members of this subfamily ranges from 2% to 5% at the nucleotide level. This is the first report of a canonical P element outside the subgenus Sophophora. Based primarily on the striking incongruence between P element and host species phylogenies, the presence of a canonical P element in D. mediopunctata is most likely explained by horizontal transfer between species.


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