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The Journal of Heredity 2002:93(6)
© 2002 The American Genetic Association 93:429-432

Brief Communication

A Partial African Ancestry for the Creole Cattle Populations of the Caribbean

D. A. Magee, C. Meghen, S. Harrison, C. S. Troy, T. Cymbron, C. Gaillard, A. Morrow, J. C. Maillard, and D. G. Bradley

From the Department of Genetics, Smurfit Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland (Magee, Meghen, Harrison, Troy, Cymbron, and Bradley); the Institute of Animal Breeding, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (Gaillard); the University of Edinburgh, Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian, U.K. (Morrow); and CIRAD-EMVT Pathotrop, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier Cedex, France (Maillard).

Address correspondence to D. Bradley at the above address, or e-mail: dbradley{at}tcd.ie.

Seventy-eight cattle samples from three Creole Caribbean islands and one Brazilian breed were analyzed for sequence variation in the hypervariable segment of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Seventy-three samples displayed Bos taurus haplotypes, and five samples exhibited haplotypes that were of Bos indicus ancestry. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all sampled B. taurus sequences fell into two distinct clusters with separate African and European origins. European sequences were encountered in each population; however, the distribution of African haplotypes was uneven, with the highest proportion of African influence found in the Guadeloupe Creole. The reduced levels of African haplotypic variation within the Caribbean and Brazilian are consistent with prior founder effects. Additionally, genetic variation at three microsatellite loci illustrated African influence uniquely in the Guadeloupe Creole. Collectively, the data suggest that this African influence is, at least in part, attributable to the historical importation of African cattle to the Americas. Furthermore, alleles of B. indicus ancestry were detected at appreciable frequencies in all Caribbean Creole populations and may reflect zebu introgressions from either West Africa or the Indian subcontinent.


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