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Journal of Heredity 2003:94(3)
© 2003 The American Genetic Association 94:243-250

Genetic Characterization of Southwestern European Bovine Breeds: A Historical and Biogeographical Reassessment With a Set of 16 Microsatellites

A. Beja-Pereira, P. Alexandrino, I. Bessa, Y. Carretero, S. Dunner, N. Ferrand, J. Jordana, D. Laloe, K. Moazami-Goudarzi, A. Sanchez, and J. Cañon

From the Centro de Investigação em Biodiverdidade e Recursos Geneticos CIBIO-UP, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Monte-Crasto, Pt-4485-661 Vairão, Portugal (Alexandrino, Beja-Pereira, Bessa, and Ferrand); Departamento de Zoologia/Antropologia da Faculdade de Ciências, Praça Gomes Teixeira, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal (Alexandrino, Beja-Pereira, Bessa, and Ferrand); Laboratorio de Genética, Facultad de Veterinària, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain (Carretero, Dunner, and Cañon); Unitat de Genetica i Millora Animal, Departament de Ciencia Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinaria, UAB, 8193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain (Jordana and Sanchez); Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée—Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France (Laloe); and Laboratoire de Génétique Biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France (Moazami-Goudarzi).

Address correspondence to Albano Beja-Pereira at LECA-Génomique des Populations et Biodiversité UMR CNRS 5553, Université Joseph Fourier B.P. 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, or e-mail: albano.beja-pereira{at}ujf-grenoble.fr.

The origin of Iberian cattle has been suggested by some authors to be the product of European and north African cattle entrances during the last few thousands of years. However, these hypotheses were mainly based on morphological similarities. This study analyzed 889 unrelated individuals from 15 representative Iberian breeds and 3 French breeds for 16 microsatellite loci. Statistical tests were used to calculate interpopulation genetic distances (DA) and principal components analysis (PCA). To visualize the geographical distribution of the genetic differentiation between Iberian cattle breeds, data from the PCA analysis were used to construct synthetic maps. Genetic similarity among neighboring Iberian breeds is mainly caused by gene flow. However, recent demographic fluctuations and reproductive isolation in Alistana, Mirandesa, and Tudanca has increased genetic drift, which may be the main cause for the relatively high differentiation of these populations. The synthetic maps constructed with the first and second PCs revealed (1) a large differentiation between Northern Iberian breeds rather than between more geographically distant breeds, and (2) a clear east-west gradient that may be related with the model of demic diffusion of agriculture. Finally, we detected no strong evidence for an African genetic influence in the Iberian cattle breeds analyzed in this study.


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