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Journal of Heredity 2003:94(6)
© 2003 The American Genetic Association 94:523-527

Brief Communication

Inheritance of Resistance to Clopyralid and Picloram in Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.) Is Controlled by a Single Nuclear Recessive Gene

R. P. Sabba, I. M. Ray, N. Lownds, and T. M. Sterling

From the Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science (Sabba and Sterling) and the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture (Lownds and Ray), New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003. R. P. Sabba is currently at the Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. N. Lownds is currently at the Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.

Address correspondence to T. M. Sterling at the address above, or e-mail: tsterlin{at}nmsu.edu.

The noxious weed yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.) can be controlled effectively at the seedling stage with foliar application of the auxinic herbicides picloram or clopyralid. Although resistance to these herbicides is rare, a yellow starthistle biotype resistant to picloram and cross-resistant to clopyralid was observed in 1989 near Dayton, WA, in a pasture that had been subjected to intensive picloram selective pressure. Our objective was to determine the mode of inheritance for this resistance trait. Transmission of the resistant phenotype was monitored in reciprocal F1 crosses between susceptible (SCI) and resistant (RDW) plants, their testcross and pseudo-F2 progeny. Progeny from all crosses, as well as RDW and SCI seedlings of original populations, were sprayed with picloram or clopyralid to distinguish between susceptible and resistant individuals. All F1 progeny were susceptible to both herbicides, indicating that the resistance trait was of nuclear origin and recessive in nature. Segregation of the resistant phenotype among pseudo-F2 and testcross progeny of F1 genotypes demonstrated monofactorial inheritance (P >.25) for resistance to both herbicides. The conclusion that resistance is conferred by a single recessive allele is consistent with the observation that no other picloram-resistant yellow starthistle populations have been identified in the area since picloram selection pressure was abated.


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