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Journal of Heredity 2004:95(1)
© 2004 The American Genetic Association 95:1-10

Genetic Differentiation among Recently Diverged Delphinid Taxa Determined Using AFLP Markers

S. E. Kingston, and P. E. Rosel

From Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412 (Kingston), and National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 646 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506 (Kingston and Rosel). We are grateful to all parties who provided samples for this project: Andy Dizon and Kelly Robertson (National Marine Fisheries Service, SWFSC), Wayne Hoggard and Wanda Jones (National Marine Fisheries Service, SEFSC), Rob Nawojchik (Mystic Aquarium), John Nicolas (National Marine Fisheries Service, NEFSC), and Eric Zolman (National Ocean Service, CCEHBR). We appreciate the programming assistance provided by Allan Strand during the implementation of the Euclidean distance test. We thank Scott France, Allan Strand, Tony Harold, Frank Cipriano, and two anonymous reviewers for discussions and comments on the manuscript. We are grateful to Lara Adams and Anna Sellas for discussions and laboratory assistance. Funding for this project was provided by the National Marine Fisheries Service and the College of Charleston. This is contribution number 239 of the Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston.

Address correspondence to Patricia E. Rosel, NMFS SEFSC, 646 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, or e-mail: patricia.rosel{at}noaa.gov.

In the mid-1990s, a new common dolphin species (Delphinus capensis) was defined in the northeast Pacific using morphological characters and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences. This species is sympatric with a second species, Delphinus delphis; morphological differences between the two are slight and it is clear they are closely related. Does the phenotypic distinction result from only a few important genes or from large differences between their nuclear genomes? We used amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers to broadly survey the nuclear genomes of these two species to examine the levels of nuclear divergence and genetic diversity between them. Furthermore, to create an evolutionary context in which to compare the level of interspecific divergence found between the two Delphinus taxa, we also examined two distinct morphotypes of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). A nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis clearly differentiated both Delphinus species, indicating that significant nuclear genetic differentiation has arisen between the species despite their morphological similarity. However, the AFLP data indicated that the two T. truncatus morphotypes exhibit greater divergence than D. capensis and D. delphis, suggesting that they too should be considered different species.


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