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Journal of Heredity 2004:95(1)
© 2004 The American Genetic Association 95:29-34

A Microsatellite Map of the African Human Malaria Vector Anopheles funestus

I. Sharakhov, O. Braginets, O. Grushko, A. Cohuet, W. M. Guelbeogo, D. Boccolini, M. Weill, C. Costantini, N'F. Sagnon, D. Fontenille, G. Yan, and N. J. Besansky

From the Center for Tropical Disease Research and Training, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (Sharakhov, Grushko, and Besansky), Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 (Braginets and Yan), Laboratoire de Lutte contre les Insectes Nuisibles, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 05, France (Cohuet and Fontenille), Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, 01 BP 2208 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso (Guelbeogo, Constantini, and Sagnon), Departement d'Entomologie Appliquée, Université de Ouagadougou, 01 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso (Guelbeogo), Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Laboratorio di Parassitologia, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy (Boccolini), and Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Laboratoire de Génétique et Environment, CC065, UMR CNRS 5554, Université de Montpellier II, France (Weill). This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant R01-AI48842 to N.J.B. and grant D43-TWO1505 to G.Y.).

Address correspondence to N. J. Besansky at the address above, or e-mail: nbesansk{at}nd.edu.

Microsatellite markers and chromosomal inversion polymorphisms are useful genetic markers for determining population structure in Anopheline mosquitoes. In Anopheles funestus (2N = 6), only chromosome arms 2R, 3R, and 3L are known to carry polymorphic inversions. The physical location of microsatellite markers with respect to polymorphic inversions is potentially important information for interpreting population genetic structure, yet none of the available marker sets have been physically mapped in this species. Accordingly, we mapped 32 polymorphic A. funestus microsatellite markers to the polytene chromosomes using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and identified 16 markers outside of known polymorphic inversions. Here we provide an integrated polytene chromosome map for A. funestus that includes the breakpoints of all known polymorphic inversions as well as the physical locations of microsatellite loci developed to date. Based on this map, we suggest a standard set of 16 polymorphic microsatellite markers that are distributed evenly across the chromosome complement, occur predominantly outside of inversions, and amplify reliably. Adoption of this set by researchers working in different regions of Africa will facilitate metapopulation analyses of this primary malaria vector.


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