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Journal of Heredity Advance Access originally published online on December 14, 2004
Journal of Heredity 2005 96(1):24-31; doi:10.1093/jhered/esi009
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© 2005 The American Genetic Association

Genetic Basis of Variation in Morphological and Life-History Traits of a Wild Population of Pink Salmon

W. C. Funk, J. A. Tyburczy, K. L. Knudsen, K. R. Lindner, and F. W. Allendorf

From the Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-4824 (Funk, Knudsen, Lindner, and Allendorf); and Department of Zoology, Cordley Hall 3029, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-2914 (Tyburczy). W. Chris Funk is currently at the Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, 1 University Station C0930, Austin, TX 78712

Address correspondence to W. C. Funk at the address above, or e-mail: wcfunk{at}mail.utexas.edu.

Understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic variation is essential for predicting the direction and rate of phenotypic evolution. We estimated heritabilities and genetic correlations of morphological (fork length, pectoral and pelvic fin ray counts, and gill arch raker counts) and life-history (egg number and individual egg weight) traits of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) from Likes Creek, Alaska, in order to characterize the genetic basis of phenotypic variation in this species. Families were created from wild-caught adults, raised to the fry stage in the lab, released into the wild, and caught as returning adults and assigned to families using microsatellite loci and a growth hormone locus. Morphological traits were all moderately to highly heritable, but egg number and egg weight were not heritable, suggesting that past selection has eliminated additive genetic variation in egg number and egg weight or that there is high environmental variance in these traits. Genetic correlations were similar for nonadjacent morphological traits and adjacent traits. Genetic correlations predicted phenotypic correlations fairly accurately, but some pairs of traits with low genetic correlations had high phenotypic correlations, and vice versa, emphasizing the need to use caution when using phenotypic correlations as indices of genetic correlations. This is one of only a handful of studies to estimate heritabilities and genetic correlations for a wild population.


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