Journal of Heredity Advance Access first published online on July 4, 2007
This version published online on July 19, 2007
Journal of Heredity, doi:10.1093/jhered/esm051
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DLA-DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1 Alleles and Haplotypes in North American Gray Wolves
From the Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK (Kennedy and Ollier); VetResearch Genetics, 18 Crammond Avenue, Bundeena, NSW 2230, Australia (Angles); Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZJ, UK (Barnes); the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada (Carmichael); the University of Liverpool Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Leahurst, Neston, S Wirral CH64 7TE, UK (Radford); and the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, PO Box 757040, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA (Happ)
Address correspondence to Dr. L. J. Kennedy at the address above, or e-mail: lorna.kennedy{at}manchester.ac.uk.
The canine major histocompatibility complex contains highly polymorphic genes, many of which are critical in regulating immune response. Since domestic dogs evolved from Gray Wolves (Canis lupus), common DLA class II alleles should exist. Sequencing was used to characterize 175 Gray Wolves for DLA class II alleles, and data from 1856 dogs, covering 85 different breeds of mostly European origin, were available for comparison. Within wolves, 28 new alleles were identified, all occurring in at least 2 individuals. Three DLA-DRB1, 8 DLA-DQA1, and 6 DLA-DQB1 alleles also identified in dogs were present. Twenty-eight haplotypes were identified, of which 2 three-locus haplotypes, and many DLA-DQA1/DQB1 haplotypes, are also found in dogs. The wolves studied had relatively few dog DLA alleles and may therefore represent a remnant population descended from Asian wolves. The single European wolf included carried a haplotype found in both these North American wolves and in many dog breeds. Furthermore, one wolf DQB1 allele has been found in Shih Tzu, a breed of Asian origin. These data suggest that the wolf ancestors of Asian and European dogs may have had different gene pools, currently reflected in the DLA alleles present in dog breeds.
This paper was delivered at the 3rd International Conference on the Advances in Canine and Feline Genomics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, August 3–5, 2006.
Corresponding Editor: Elaine Ostrander
The author's corrections for this article have now been made.
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