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Journal of Heredity Advance Access published online on June 13, 2008
Journal of Heredity, doi:10.1093/jhered/esn047
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© The American Genetic Association. 2008. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Evolution of a Polydnavirus Gene in Relation to Parasitoid–Host Species Immune Resistance

Stéphane Dupas, Catherine Wanjiru Gitau, Antoine Branca, Bruno Pierre Le Rü, and Jean-FranÇois Silvain

From the IRD, UR R072 c/o CNRS, Lab. L.EG.S., BP1, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Dupas, Branca, and Silvain); The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, PO Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya (Gitau); IRD, UR 072, c/o ICIPE, Noctuid Stem Borers Biodiversity Project, PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya (Le Ru). Dupas S is now at the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenue 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado postal 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador

Address correspondence to S. Dupas at the address above, or e-mail: dupas{at}legs.cnrs-gif.fr.

CrV1, a polydisperse DNA virus (polydnavirus or PDV) gene contributes to the suppression of host immunity in Cotesia genus parasitoids. Its molecular evolution was analyzed in relation to levels of resistance in the sympatric host species. Natural selection for nonsynonymous substitutions (positive Darwinian selection) was observed at specific amino acid sites among CrV1 variants; particularly, between parasitoid strains immune suppressive and nonimmune suppressive to the main resistant stem borer host, Busseola fusca. In Cotesia sesamiae, geographic distribution of CrV1 alleles in Kenya was correlated to the relative abundance of B. fusca. These results suggest that PDV genes evolve through natural selection and are genetically linked to factors of suppression of local host resistance. We discuss the forces driving the evolution of CrV1 and its use as a marker to understand parasitoid adaptation to host resistance in biological control.

Corresponding Editor: Howard Ross

Received December 25, 2007
Accepted April 23, 2008


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