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Journal of Heredity Advance Access published online on August 5, 2009
Journal of Heredity, doi:10.1093/jhered/esp067
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© The American Genetic Association. 2009. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Brief Communication

AFLP Linkage Map of Hybridizing Swallowtail Butterflies, Papilio glaucus and Papilio canadensis

Clayton B. Winter, and Adam H. Porter

From the Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 (Winter and Porter); and the Department of Plant, Soil & Insect Sciences, Hatch Laboratory Building, 140 Holdsworth Way, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 (Porter)

Address correspondence to Adam H. Porter at the address above, or e-mail: aporter{at}ent.umass.edu.

High-density linkage maps provide powerful tools for studying the genetic basis of ecologically relevant adaptations and the genomic scope of introgression. We backcrossed an F1 hybrid male Papilio glaucus/Papilio canadensis tiger swallowtail butterfly to a pure P. glaucus female and constructed amplified fragment length polymorphism linkage maps from the progeny. The paternal map contains 309 markers distributed among 29 linkage groups, with a corrected map distance of 1167 cM (logarithm of the odds [LOD] = 4.0). The average linkage group contained 10.65 ± 4.85 markers separated by 32.7 ± 3.8 cM, with statistically significant clustering. The paternal hybrid map had 18.65% more markers than the maternal P. glaucus map, which provides a rough estimate of the extent of genetic differentiation between the species. The maternal map contains 253 markers among 28 linkage groups, without the X and Y chromosomes. Segregation distortion from expected Mendelian ratios was observed for 94/1096 scored loci (8.6%, P < 0.05). The X chromosome map includes 7 markers spanning 29.3 cM (LOD = 3.0). These naturally hybridizing, female heterogametic species are used to study important questions in the maintenance of species boundaries, sex chromosome introgression, sex-limited mimicry, and host plant use. The map will facilitate research into the physiological, ecological, and evolutionary genetics of these phenomena.

Key Words: AFLP • hybrid zone • Lepidoptera • Papilionidae

Corresponding Editor: Rob DeSalle

Received January 22, 2009
Revised July 9, 2009
Accepted July 10, 2009


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