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Journal of Heredity Advance Access originally published online on September 8, 2008
Journal of Heredity 2009 100(1):56-65; doi:10.1093/jhered/esn068
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© The American Genetic Association. 2008. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Original Articles

Tracing the Geographic Origins of Major Avocado Cultivars

Haofeng Chen, Peter L. Morrell, Vanessa E. T. M. Ashworth, Marlene de la Cruz, and Michael T. Clegg

From the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 (Chen, Morrell, Ashworth, and Clegg); and the School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 (de la Cruz). P. L. Morrell is now at the Monsanto Co, 700 Chesterfield Parkway North, Mail Stop: GG5B, Chesterfield, MO 63017

Address correspondence to Michael T. Clegg at the address above, or e-mail: mclegg{at}uci.edu.

It has been difficult to infer the genetic history of avocado breeding, owing to the role of hybridization in the origin of contemporary avocado cultivars. To address this difficulty, we used the model-based clustering program, STRUCTURE, and nucleotide polymorphism in 5960 bp of sequence from 4 nuclear loci to examine population structure in 21 wild avocado accessions. The origins of 33 cultivars were inferred relative to the wild sample. Nucleotide sequence diversity in domesticated avocados ranged between 80% and 90% of that observed for the same loci in wild avocado, depending on the diversity statistic used for comparison. Substantial genetic differentiation among 3 geographic groups of wild germplasm corresponded to the classically defined horticultural races of avocado. Previously undetected genetic differentiation was revealed in wild populations from Central Mexico, where 2 subpopulations were distinguished based on elevation and latitude.

Key Words: assignment testing • avocado • domestication • genetic resources • haplotype phasing • SNPs

Corresponding Editor: John Burke

Received May 28, 2008
Accepted July 29, 2008


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