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Journal of Heredity 2004:95(3):234-243
© 2004 The American Genetic Association

High Genetic Diversity in Sarracenia leucophylla(Sarraceniaceae), a Carnivorous Wetland Herb

Z-F. Wang, J. L. Hamrick, and M. J. W. Godt

From the South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China (Wang); Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 (Hamrick and Godt); and Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 (Hamrick).

Address correspondence to Mary Jo W. Godt at the address above, or e-mail: godt{at}plantbio.uga.edu.

Eighteen allozyme loci were used to examine genetic diversity in 10 natural populations of Sarracenia leucophylla Raf., a pitcher plant restricted to the southeastern United States. One ex situ population propagated for restoration in Georgia was also analyzed. S. leucophylla is an insect-pollinated, outcrossing perennial wetland herb that is threatened over much of its geographic range. Fifteen loci (83.3%) were polymorphic, with a mean number of alleles of 3.33. Compared to species having similar life-history traits and to previously analyzed Sarracenia species, S. leucophylla displayed unexpectedly high genetic diversity. For example, genetic diversity within the species (Hes) was 0.224 and mean population genetic diversity (Hep) was 0.183. Although small S. leucophylla populations maintained less genetic diversity than larger ones, these differences were not statistically significant. Nonetheless, this suggests that small populations may have lost rare alleles. Statistically significant genetic differentiation among populations was found ({theta} = 0.192, P <.01), although it was not atypical considering the species' life-history characteristics. A significant correlation (P <.01) between genetic and geographic distance was found, indicating an isolation-by-distance effect. However, the correlation coefficient for this relationship was low (r = 0.46), suggesting that factors other than gene flow play a prominent role in the geographic distribution of genetic diversity within the species. The ex situ population captured most of the allozyme variation found in its source population.


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