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Journal of Heredity Advance Access originally published online on February 17, 2006
Journal of Heredity 2006 97(2):107-113; doi:10.1093/jhered/esj020
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© The American Genetic Association. 2006. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Iberian Origins of New World Horse Breeds

Cristina Luís, Cristiane Bastos-Silveira, E. Gus Cothran, and Maria do Mar Oom

From the Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C2-Piso 3, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal (Luís, Bastos-Silveira, and Oom); and the Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0099 (Cothran). E. G. Cothran is now at the Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843

Address correspondence to C. Luís at the address above, or e-mail: cmluis{at}fc.ul.pt.

Fossil records, archaeological proofs, and historical documents report that horses persisted continuously in the Iberian Peninsula since the Pleistocene and were taken to the American continent (New World) in the 15th century. To investigate the variation within the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of Iberian and New World horse breeds, to analyze their relationships, and to test the historical origin of New World horses, a total of 153 samples, representing 30 Iberian and New World breeds, were analyzed by sequencing mtDNA control region fragments. Fifty-four haplotypes were found and assigned to seven haplogroups. Reduced levels of variation found for the Menorquina, Sorraia, and Sulphur Mustang breeds are consistent with experienced bottlenecks or limited number of founders. For all diversity indices, Iberian breeds showed higher diversity values than South American and North American breeds. Although, the results show that the Iberian and New World breeds stem from multiple origins, we present a set of genetic data revealing a high frequency of Iberian haplotypes in New World breeds, which is consistent with historical documentation.


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C. Luis, E. G. Cothran, and M. d. M. Oom
Inbreeding and Genetic Structure in the Endangered Sorraia Horse Breed: Implications for its Conservation and Management
J. Hered., May 1, 2007; 98(3): 232 - 237.
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