Journal of Heredity Advance Access originally published online on February 17, 2006
Journal of Heredity 2006 97(2):133-142; doi:10.1093/jhered/esj013
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Patterns of Variation in MHC Class II ß Loci of the Little Greenbul (Andropadus virens) with Comments on MHC Evolution in Birds
From the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (Aguilar, Smith, and Wayne); the Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, 1609 Hershey Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (Aguilar, Smith, and Wayne); and the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 (Edwards). Andres Aguilar is now at the Department of Ocean Sciences and Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 110 Shaffer Road, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Address correspondence to A. Aguilar at the address above, or e-mail: andres.aguilar{at}noaa.gov.
We have isolated major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II ß loci from the little greenbul (Andropadus virens), an African songbird. We utilized preexisting information about conserved regions of the avian MHC to design primers to amplify a pool of sequences representing multiple loci. From this pool, a unique locus spanning 1109 bp that we designate as Anvi-DAB1 was cloned and sequenced. We designed locus-specific primers based on this sequence information and amplified six alleles from seven individuals. Compared to other A. virens MHC sequences obtained from genomic DNA or cDNA, the variability of sequences from Anvi-DAB1 was low and the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution was much less than one, suggesting that Anvi-DAB1 may either be a pseudogene or a nonclassical MHC locus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Anvi-DAB1 locus was highly divergent when compared with other passerine or A. virens genomic or transcribed MHC sequences. The use of conserved MHC primers followed by analysis of cloned sequences allows rapid isolation of MHC loci from exotic species and avoids laborious large-scale cloning and sequencing.
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