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Journal of Heredity Advance Access originally published online on June 22, 2006
Journal of Heredity 2006 97(5):521-524; doi:10.1093/jhered/esl005
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© The American Genetic Association. 2006. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Brief Communications

Pennisetum squamulatum: Is the Predominant Cytotype Hexaploid or Octaploid?

Yukio Akiyama*, Shailendra Goel*, Zhenbang Chen, Wayne W. Hanna, and Peggy Ozias-Akins

From the Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia Tifton Campus, Tifton, GA 31793-0748 (Akiyama, Goel, Chen, and Ozias-Akins); and the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia Tifton Campus, Tifton, GA 31793-0748 (Hanna). Yukio Akiyama is now at the Venture Business Laboratory, Center of Advanced Science and Innovation, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; and Zhenbang Chen is now at the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Georgia Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223

Address correspondence to P. Ozias-Akins at the address above, or e-mail: pozias{at}uga.edu.

Apomixis is a mode of asexual reproduction where maternal clones are produced through seeds. Consequently, genetic segregation is prevented in hybrid progenies. Pennisetum squamulatum has been used to transfer apomixis into the related sexual species Pennisetum glaucum by the introgression of an apospory-specific genomic region (ASGR)–carrier chromosome. Crosses between P. glaucum and P. squamulatum or Pennisetum purpureum have been relatively easy to make even though P. squamulatum has been reported to have a different basic chromosome number than the other 2 species (9 vs. 7) and to be hexaploid (2n = 6x = 54). Our extensive examination of one accession had shown a chromosome number of 2n = 56. In order to determine if there was a variation among accessions, we counted the number of chromosomes in 5 accessions of P. squamulatum using centromeric and 18S-5.8S-26S rDNA probes as molecular cytological markers. Our results showed that P. squamulatum is most likely octaploid with a basic chromosome number of 7 (2n = 8x = 56) and may belong to the secondary gene pool of Pennisetum. Moreover, a morphologically similar ASGR-carrier chromosome that confers apomixis was observed in all accessions.


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