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Journal of Heredity Advance Access published online on April 13, 2005
Journal of Heredity, doi:10.1093/jhered/esi053
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© The American Genetic Association. 2005. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org.
Received July 29, 2004
Accepted January 5, 2005

Article

Sparse and Wavy Hair: A New Model for Hypoplasia of Hair Follicle and Mammary Glands on Rat Chromosome 17

Takashi Kuramoto 1*, Keiichirou Morimura 2, Tomoko Nomoto 3, Chiaki Namiki 4, Shuichi Hamada 4, Shoji Fukushima 2, Takashi Sugimura 3, Tadao Serikawa 1, and Toshikazu Ushijima 3

1 From the Institute of Laboratory Animalas, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
2 From the Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585 Japan
3 From the Carcinogenesis Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
4 From the Central Research Laboratories, SSP Co., Ltd., 1143 Nanpeidai, Narita, Chiba, 286-8511 Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Takashi Kuramoto, E-mail: tkuramot{at}anim.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp


  Abstract

Mutant animals in the skin and hair have been used to identify important genes in biomedical research. We describe a new mutant rat, sparse and wavy hair (swh), that spontaneously arose in a colony of inbred WTC rats. The mutant phenotype was characterized by sparse and wavy hair, which was most prominent at age 3-4 weeks, and was inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. The swh/swh rats showed impaired gain of body weight, and their hair follicles were reduced both in number and size, associated with hypoplasia of the sebaceous glands and the subcutaneous fat tissue. Female swh/swh rats were unable to suckle their offspring. Their mammary glands were hypoplastic, and differentiation of mammary epithelial and myoepithelial cells was impaired. Linkage analysis of 579 backcross rats localized the swh locus to a .35-cM region between D17Rat131 and D17Rat50 in the distal end of rat Chr 17. The swh locus spanned the 3.7-Mb genomic region where 24 genes have been mapped and corresponded to the centromere region of the mouse Chr 2 or the region of the human Chr 10p11.1-p14. None of the genes or loci described in mouse or human hair and skin diseases mapped to these regions. These findings suggest that the rat swh is a novel mutation associated with impaired development of the skin appendages, such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and mammary glands, and will provide an experimental model to clarify a gene and mechanisms for development of skin appendages.


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