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Journal of Heredity Advance Access published online on December 5, 2006
Journal of Heredity, doi:10.1093/jhered/esl052
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© The American Genetic Association. 2006. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Postcopulatory Sexual Selection Reduces Genetic Diversity in Experimental Populations of Caenorhabditis elegans

Craig W. LaMunyon, Oussama Bouban, and Asher D. Cutter

From the Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768 (LaMunyon); the Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL 33314 (Bouban); and the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (Cutter)

Address correspondence to C. W. LaMunyon at the address above, or e-mail: cwlamunyon{at}csupomona.edu.

Postcopulatory sexual selection affects the evolution of numerous features ranging from mating behavior to seminal fluid toxicity to the size of gametes. In an earlier study of the effect of sperm competition risk on sperm size evolution, experimental populations of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans were maintained either by outcrossing (sperm competition present) or by selfing (no sperm competition), and after 60 generations, significantly larger sperm had evolved in the outcrossing populations. To determine the effects of this selection on population genetic variation, we assessed genetic diversity in a large number of loci using random amplification of polymorphic DNA-PCR. Nearly 80% of the alleles present in parental strain populations persisted in the 6 experimental populations after the 60 generations and, despite a 2.2-fold difference in expected heterozygosity, the resulting levels of genetic variation were equivalent between the outcrossing and selfing experimental populations. By inference, we conclude that genetic hitchhiking due to sexual selection in the experimental populations dramatically reduced genetic diversity. We use the levels of variation in the selfing populations as a control for the effects of drift, and estimate the strength of sexual selection to be strong in obligatorily outcrossing populations. Although sequential hermaphrodites like C. elegans probably experience little sexual selection in nature, these data suggest that sexual selection can profoundly affect diversity in outcrossing taxa.


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