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Journal of Heredity Advance Access published online on February 2, 2008
Journal of Heredity, doi:10.1093/jhered/esm122
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© The American Genetic Association. 2008. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

ISSR and Isozyme Characterization of Androgenetic Dihaploids Reveals Tetrasomic Inheritance in Tetraploid Somatic Hybrids between Solanum melongena and Solanum aethiopicum Group Gilo

Laura Toppino, Giuseppe Mennella, Fulvia Rizza, Antonietta D'Alessandro, Darasinh Sihachakr, and Giuseppe L. Rotino

From the CRA-ORL, Research Unit for Vegetable Crops, Via Paullese 28, I-26836 Montanaso Lombardo (LO), Italy (Toppino and Rotino); the CRA-ORT, Research Center for Vegetable Crops, PO Box 48 I-84098 Pontecagnano (SA), Italy (Mennella and D'Alessandro); the CRA-GPG, Genomic Research Center Via S. Protaso 302, I-29017 Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), Italy (Rizza); the Université Paris Sud, Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution, UMR8079, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Bât. 360, F-91405 Orsay, France (Sihachakr)

Address correspondence to Giuseppe L. Rotino at the address above, or e-mail: giuseppeleonardo.rotino{at}entecra.it.

Gene exchanges between Solanum melongena and its allied relative Solanum aethiopicum are a crucial prerequisite for introgression of useful traits from the allied species into the cultivated eggplant. In order to evaluate the extent of genetic recombination between the 2 species, biochemical and molecular markers were employed. A dihaploid population obtained through anther culture of the corresponding tetraploid somatic hybrids was genetically analyzed. The extent of disomic/tetrasomic inheritance and segregation ratios of 3 isozyme systems and intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were evaluated. The dihaploids, being derived from microspores, allowed for simple, complete, and accurate analyses. The segregation of 280 ISSR markers (110 aethiopicum-specific, 104 melongena-specific, and 66 monomorphic) were evaluated in 71 dihaploids. According to the genetic constitution (simplex/duplex/triplex), almost 64% of the fragments revealed the tetrasomic and/or disomic inheritance. With regard to the assigned species-specific fragments, 68% and 4% were unambiguously the result of tetrasomic and disomic inheritance, respectively. Twenty-four of the 66 monomorphic ISSRs were inherited according to random chromatid segregation. The phenotypes of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH), and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH) were studied in 70 dihaploids and inferences were made about the allelic state of their 5 loci. The isozyme markers segregated in the dihaploids in a distorted manner, their segregations did not fit in with any of the expected segregation ratios. However, tetrasomic inheritance might be suggested for G-6-PDH 2 and SKDH 1 loci. Our results demonstrated that gene exchanges occurred readily in the somatic hybrids between S. melongena and S. aethiopicum gr. Gilo.

Corresponding Editor: John Stommel

Received June 28, 2007
Accepted December 6, 2007


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