This special issue of the Journal of Heredity presents the proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Advances in Feline and Canine Genomics. The canine whole genome sequence was a primary feature of the symposium highlighting the genetic assessment of numerous medical, morphological, and behavioral characteristics. One dramatic phenotypic example is the Turkish Anatolian Shepherd dog breed, selected for livestock herding and protecting stock from cheetah predation. The Analtolian Shepherd guard dog program, developed by the Cheetah Conservation Fund (http://www.cheetah.org/), has dramatically increased cheetah conservation awareness and capacity in African countries. Photograph courtesy of Dave Jenike/Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden and the Cheetah Conservation Fund.
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